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Allopurinol Prescription

Allopurinol is prescribed in the treatment of many symptoms of gout, including:
- Uric acid stones;
- Tophi;
- Joint destruction;
- Acute attacks;

Gout is a form of arthritis characterized by increased blood levels of uric acid. Allopurinol works by reducing uric acid production in the body, thus preventing crystals from forming.

Allopurinol is also prescribed to manage the increased uric acid levels in the blood of people with certain cancers, such as leukemia. Allopurinol is also prescribed to manage some types of kidney stones.

Allopurinol will not stop a gout attack that is already underway. However, when taken over a period of several months, Allopurinol will begin to reduce your symptoms. It's important to keep taking it regularly, even if it seems to have no immediate effect.

Zyloric tablets contain the active ingredient allopurinol, which is a type of drug called a xanthine oxidase inhibitor. Allopurinol tablets are also available without a brand name, ie as the generic drug allopurinol. Allopurinol is prescribed to lower uric acid levels in the body.

Uric acid is produced by an enzyme in the body called xanthine oxidase. Allopurinol inhibits the action of this enzyme and as a result lowers uric acid levels.

The main use of allopurinol is in preventing gout, which is caused by a build-up of uric acid crystals in the joints. It is these cystals that cause the characteristic pain and inflammation of gout. By lowering the production of uric acid, flare-ups of gout can be prevented.

Allopurinol is prescribed for the long term prevention of gout and not for immediate treatment of gout flare-ups. Other drugs are prescribed for the rapid relief of gout symptoms.

A build up of uric acid is also responsible for certain types of kidney disease and some types of kidney stone. In the same way that allopurinol prevents gout, Allopurinol can also prevent the formation of new kidney stones. NB. There are various different types of kidney stones, and allopurinol is only effective against certain types.

Certain types of cancer and treatments for cancer can raise uric acid levels. As this could potentially cause kidney problems, allopurinol is sometimes prescribed to prevent this.

Why is Allopurinol prescribed?

- reducing the formation of uric acid when this is a predictable clinical risk for example when treating certain types of cancer;
- long-term prevention of gout;
- lesch-nyhan syndrome;
- kidney stones;

Allopurinol Side Effects

Because a skin reaction, the most common side effect of Allopurinol, may occasionally become severe or even fatal, you should stop taking Allopurinol if you notice even the beginnings of a rash. Such a rash may be itchy or scaly or may make your skin peel off in sheets; it may be accompanied by chills and fever, aching joints, or jaundice.

- rash;
- nausea;
- diarrhea;
- weakness numbness or pins and needles;
- visual disturbances;
- sleepiness;
- loss or discolouration of hair;
- liver disorders;
- impotence or infertility;
- high blood pressure;
- headache;
- fever;
- enlargement of the breasts;
- disturbances of the gut such as diarrhoea constipation nausea vomiting or abdominal pain;
- chest pain;
- blood disorders;
- balance problems involving the inner ear;
- alteration in taste;
- allergic skin reactions such as rash or itch;
- a general feeling of being unwell;
- acute attack of gout;

Allopurinol Dosage

ADULTS

Your doctor will tailor the dosage of Allopurinol individually to control the severity of symptoms and to bring the uric acid levels to normal or near normal.

Gout

The usual starting dose is 100 mg once daily. Your doctor may increase your dose by 100 mg per day at 1-week intervals until desired results are attained. The average dose is 200 to 300 mg per day for mild gout and 400 to 600 mg daily for moderate to severe gout. The most you should take in a day is 800 mg.

Recurrent Kidney Stones

The usual dose is 200 to 300 mg daily, divided into smaller doses or taken as one dose.

Management of Uric Acid Levels in Certain Cancers

The usual dose is 600 to 800 mg daily for 2 to 3 days, together with a high fluid intake.

CHILDREN

The usual recommended dose for children 6 to 10 years of age is 300 mg daily for the management of uric acid levels in certain types of cancer. Children under 6 years of age are generally given 150 mg daily.