Galantamine

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Galantamine Prescription

Galantamine can delay or even reverse mental decline in some patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. It is thought to work by boosting levels of the chemical messenger acetylcholine in the brain.

Galantamine is a temporary remedy. It doesn't work for everyone, and it doesn't halt the underlying disease.

Galantamine tablets, Galantamine oral solution and Galantamine XL capsules all contain the active ingredient galantamine hydrobromide, which is a type of drug called an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. It works by slowing the breakdown of a compound in the body called acetylcholine.

Acetylcholine is a natural compound known as a neurotransmitter. Neurotransmitters are stored in nerve cells in the brain and nervous system, and are involved in transmitting messages between the nerve cells. They are necessary for the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system. Acetylcholine in the brain is continually being released by nerve cells, and then broken down by another natural chemical called acetylcholinesterase.

One of the features of Alzheimer's disease appears to be a lower than normal level of acetylcholine in the brain. This is due in part to degeneration of brain cells, in particular those that normally release acetylcholine.

Galantamine increases the level of acetylcholine in the brain. It does this by preventing the action of acetylcholinesterase, the compound which normally breaks it down. This slows the breakdown of acetylcholine that is released from remaining undamaged nerve cells in the brain.

Galantamine also enhances the activity of the acetylcholine in the brain. The overall result of these two actions is an improvement in the levels and activity of acetylcholine in the brain. This improves the cognitive processes of thinking, learning and memory, and improves the symptoms of dementia and daily functioning in Alzheimer's disease.

Galantamine is prescribed to treat mild to moderately severe dementia in people with Alzheimer's disease. However, it only slows the worsening of the disease, rather than being a cure. The benefit of the drug should be reassessed on a regular basis and treatment should be stopped when it is considered that the drug is no longer providing a beneficial effect.

Galantamine tablets and oral solution are known as immediate release dose forms. This means that the drug is absorbed into the bloodstream from the gut soon after they are taken. These dose forms are taken twice a day.

Galantamine XL capsules are known as prolonged release capsules. They are designed to release the drug slowly over the day as the capsule passes through the gut. This means the capsules only need to be taken once a day, in the morning. The capsules should be swallowed whole with liquid and not chewed or crushed, as this would stop their prolonged release action from working.

Why is Galantamine prescribed?

- Mild to moderately severe Alzheimer's disease;

Galantamine Side Effects

- weight loss;
- vomiting;
- urinary tract infection;
- tremor;
- sleepiness;
- runny nose;
- nausea;
- loss of appetite;
- indigestion;
- inability to sleep;
- headache;
- fatigue;
- dizziness;
- diarrhea;
- depression;
- blood in urine;
- anemia;
- urinary tract infections;
- tremor;
- slow heart rate;
- seizures;
- loss of appetite and weight loss;
- inflammation of the lining of the nose causing a blocked or runny nose;
- headache;
- hallucinations;
- fever;
- fatigue;
- falls;
- fainting;
- dizziness;
- disturbances of the gut such as nausea vomiting diarrhoea constipation indigestion or abdominal pain;
- difficulty sleeping;
- depression;
- dehydration;
- decreased blood flow to the heart or brain;
- decreased amount of potassium in the blood;
- confusion;
- aggression;
- abnormal heart beats;
- abdominal pain;

Galantamine Dosage

ADULTS

The recommended starting dose of Galantamine is 4 mg twice a day. Four weeks later, the dose should be increased to 8 mg twice a day. After waiting an additional four weeks, the doctor may increase the dose to 12 mg twice a day if necessary.

For patients with mild to moderate liver problems and kidney problems, dosage should not exceed 16 mg per day.


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