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Glucophage Indications

Glucophage tablets and Glucophage SR tablets both contain the active ingredient Glucophage hydrochloride. Glucophage is also available without a brand name, ie as the generic drug. Glucophage is prescribed to help control blood sugar levels in people with type 2 or non-insulin dependent diabetes.

People with diabetes have a deficiency or absence of a hormone produced by the pancreas called insulin. Insulin is the main hormone responsible for the control of sugar in the blood. In type 2 diabetes the pancreas does not produce sufficient insulin and the cells of the body are resistant to the low levels of insulin circulating in the blood. Insulin would normally make the cells remove sugar from the blood, hence in type 2 diabetes blood sugar levels can rise too high.

Glucophage hydrochloride is a type of antidiabetic drug known as a biguanide. It works in a number of ways to decrease the amount of sugar in the blood of people with type 2 diabetes.

Firstly, it reduces the amount of sugar produced by cells in the liver. Secondly, it increases the sensitivity of muscle cells to insulin. This enables the cells to remove sugar from the blood more effectively. Finally, it also delays absorption of sugar from the intestines into the bloodstream after eating. Overall, Glucophage reduces blood sugar levels both between and directly after meals.

Glucophage is prescribed as a first line treatment of type 2 diabetes in people who are overweight. Glucophage is prescribed when diet and exercise have failed to control blood sugar levels. Glucophage can also be prescribed in combination with other antidiabetic drugs to provide better control of blood sugar.

Glucophage tablets are standard release tablets that are taken two or three times a day either during or just after meals.

Glucophage SR tablets are prolonged release tablets that are designed to release Glucophage slowly and continuously over several hours. This produces a steady blood level of the drug throughout the day. The tablets are designed to be taken once or twice a day with meals, depending on your blood sugar control. They must be swallowed with water and not broken, chewed or crushed, as this would damage the prolonged release action.

Why is Glucophage prescribed?

- polycystic ovary syndrome;
- type 2 diabetes when diet alone has failed to fully control blood sugar;

Glucophage is an oral antidiabetic drug prescribed to treat type 2 diabetes. Diabetes develops when the body proves unable to burn sugar and the unused sugar builds up in the bloodstream. Glucophage lowers the amount of sugar in your blood by decreasing sugar production and absorption and helping your body respond better to its own insulin, which promotes the burning of sugar. It does not, however, increase the body's production of insulin.

Glucophage is sometimes prescribed along with insulin or certain other oral antidiabetic drugs such as Micronase or Glucotrol. Glucophage is also prescribed alone.

Standard Glucophage tablets are taken two or three times daily. An extended-release form is available for once-daily dosing.

Always remember that Glucophage is an aid to, not a substitute for, good diet and exercise. Failure to follow a sound diet and exercise plan can lead to serious complications such as dangerously high or low blood sugar levels. Remember, too, t hat Glucophage is not an oral form of insulin and cannot be prescribed in place of insulin.

Glucophage Side Effects

- weakness;
- vomiting;
- nausea;
- indigestion;
- headache;
- gas;
- diarrhea;
- skin reactions such as rash itching or flushing;
- metallic taste;
- loss of appetite;
- elevated levels of lactic acid in the blood;
- disturbances of the gut such as nausea vomiting diarrhoea or abdominal pain;
- decreased absorption of vitamin b12 during long-term use;
- abdominal discomfort;

Glucophage Dosage

ADULTS

Glucophage

The usual starting dose is one 500-mg tablet twice a day, taken with morning and evening meals. Your doctor may increase your daily dose by 500 mg at weekly intervals, based on your response up to a total of 2,000 mg.

An alternative starting dose is one 850-mg tablet a day, taken with the morning meal. Your doctor may increase this by 850 mg at 14-day intervals, to a maximum of 2,550 mg a day.

The usual maintenance dose ranges from 1,500 to 2,550 mg daily. If you take more than 2,000 mg a day, your doctor may recommend that the drug be divided into three doses, taken with each meal.

Glucophage XR

The usual starting dose is one 500-mg tablet once daily with the evening meal. Your doctor may increase your dose by 500 mg at weekly intervals, up to a maximum dosage of 2,000 mg a day. If a single 2,000-mg dose fails to control your blood sugar, you may be asked to take 1,000-mg doses twice a day. If you need more than 2,000 mg a day, the doctor will switch you to regular Glucophage.

CHILDREN

Glucophage

For children 10 to 16 years old, the usual starting dose is one 500-mg tablet twice a day with meals. The dosage may be increased by 500 mg at weekly intervals up to a maximum of 2,000 mg daily. Glucophage has not been tested in children younger than 10.

Glucophage XR

This form of the drug has not been tested in children younger than 17.

OLDER ADULTS

Older people and those who are malnourished or in a weakened state are generally given lower doses of Glucophage because their kidneys may be weaker, making side effects more likely.